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Folklore as an Historical Science

by George Laurence Gomme

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The book investigates the role of folklore as a source for understanding historical development, focusing on how cultural stories reflect societal and psychological changes over time. George Laurence Gomme argues that folklore, often dismissed as mere superstition or entertainment, contains valuable insights into the social structures, beliefs, and historical events of different periods. Emphasising a scientific approach, the work analyses examples from various regions and traditions to demonstrate how folklore can complement archaeological and documentary evidence. Written in the early 20th century, the publication responds to prevailing scepticism about the historic value of folklore and advocates for its systematic study within archaeology and anthropology.

The work aims to establish folklore as a legitimate method for reconstructing aspects of past societies, highlighting its importance in the broader study of human history and cultural evolution. It seeks to bridge the gap between oral tradition and academic historical research by providing a structured framework for analysing folklore as a scientific resource.

From the opening pages

figured in the window (now destroyed) of Lambeth Church (from Allen's History of Lambeth ) 20 5. The Pedlar of Lambeth and his Dog as drawn in 1786 for Ducarel's History of Lambeth 22 Nos. 4 and 5 illustrate the traces of the Pedlar legend in Lambeth, and the costume of the Pedlar, though later than that shown in the Swaffham carving, exhibits analogous features which are of interest to the argument. 6. Plan of the Site of the "Heaven's Walls" at Litlington, near Royston, Cambridgeshire (reprinted from Archæologia ) 43 7. Sketch of Litlington Field (reprinted from Archæologia ) 44 Nos. 6 and 7 show the site and general appearance of this interesting relic of the Roman occupation of Britain. 8. Stone Monuments Erected as Memorials in a Kasya Village (reprinted from Asiatic Researches ) 55 9. Stone Seats at a Kasya Village (reprinted from Asiatic Researches ) 55 10. View in the Kasya Hills, showing Stone Memorials (reprinted from Asiatic Researches ) 56 No. 8 shows the practice among the primitive hill-tribes of India of erecting memorials in stone to tribal heroes, and No. 9 is a curious illustration of the stones used as seats by tribesmen at their tribal assemblies. No. 10 is a general view of the site occupied by these stone monuments. 11. The Auld Ca-knowe: Calling the Burgess Roll at Hawick (reprinted from Craig and Laing's Hawick Tradition ) 98 12. The Hawick Moat at Sunrise (reprinted from Craig and Laing) 99 The tribal gathering is well illustrated by No. 11, and the moat hill is shown in No. 12. 13. One of Five Stone Circles in the Fields Opposite the Glebe of Nymphsfield (reprinted from Sir William Wilde's Lough Corrib ) 101 14. Carn-an-Chluithe To Commemorate the Defeat and Death of the Youths of the Dananns (reprinted from Wilde) 102 15. The Cairn of Ballymagibbon, near the road passing from Cong To Cross (reprinted from Wilde) 102 Nos. 13-15 are selected from Sir William Wilde's admirable account of the great conflict on the field of Moytura. They serve to show that the fight was an historical event. 16. Altar dedicated to the Field Deities of Britain, found at Castle Hill on the wall of Antoninus Pius 105 It is important to remember that the Romans recognised the gods of the conquered people, and this is one of the most important archæological proofs of…

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